| 摘要： 為探討不同時期套袋對荔枝果實品質、產量與農藥殘留的影響，本試驗調查不同荔枝品種在一般慣行栽培（施藥防治區）、 未噴未套袋與32目網袋套袋（未施藥區），不同套袋時期為玉荷苞荔枝果實採收前50天、35天；黑葉品種65天、50天；糯米&;#31949;品種60天、45天，對荔枝細蛾之被害果率、果實品質及農藥殘留量調查。 荔枝於採收前不同時期套袋對東方果實蠅及荔枝細蛾均有顯著防治效果，對果實平均果粒大小、果重與一般慣行栽培有顯著差異，套袋果實平均果粒大小、果重較對照組大且增加重量，但糖度略顯降低，且農藥殘留檢測其殘留量確實能降低並符合外銷美、日本等國家農藥殘留標準。為符經濟效益、內外銷品質、安全無毒食品、維護消費者健康及保護自然環境，仍以發展物理、生物栽培管理等方式防治病蟲害。The fruit quality and yield of litchi and pesticide residues are influenced by bagging at different growth stages. This research investigated the fruit harmful rate caused by litchi moth, fruit quality and pesticide residues on varieties. Tranditional cultivation which proceed with pesticides, the culture carries neither undoing pesticides nor bagging and 32 net-bagging without pesticide were included in this experiment. Bagging stages were divided into 50 days and 30 days before the harvest of variety ‘Yuh Her Bau； 65 days and 50 days before the harvest of variety‘Hei Yeh’； 60 days and 45 days before the harvest of variety ‘Nuoh Mii Tzy’. It is important to prevent and alleviate oriental fruit flies and litchi moths that bagging at variable stages before litchi harvested. It is significant at average fruit sizes and fruit weight when comparing traditional cultivation with bagging. The average fruit size and fruit weight are bigger and heavier but Brix is lower when bagging. In addition, pesticide residues are decreased to quality to export to the United States and Japan. To achieve good food quality economically and to produce safe and harmless food for human health and also for environmental protection, it is emphasized on psycially biological managements to prevent and alleviate the insect and fungi diseases. |
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